布达佩斯
机器人接管最后一站，亚马逊计划打造完全自动化配送站_我的网站
一 | The Build Back Better World (B3W) program was pompously announced by the club of seven developed nations to counter China's Belt and Road at the G7 Summit in Cornwall in July 2021. However, little had been heard of the G7's endeavor since then. In June 2022, the Group of Seven decided to breathe new life into the project.,"So far, America has failed to build momentum on its plan to Build Back a Better World," says Francesco Sisci, a Beijing-based China expert, author, and columnist. "However, with this new G7 plan, which includes other countries, this momentum could start to be built. It is a question mark. Nobody is sure until things are realized. But you cannot just underestimate and dismiss this plan, because there is a large commitment of many countries with a large economy and this plan could make big sense.",The G7's grand design envisages laying a secure sub-sea telecommunications cable that will connect Singapore to France through Egypt and the Horn of Africa; creating a COVID-19 vaccine plant in Senegal; expanding solar projects in Angola, including solar mini-grids and home power grids; and establishing an innovative modular nuclear reactor plant in Romania, among other issues.,The US president pledged to mobilize $200 billion in investments in global infrastructure projects over the next five years. The overall investment, including G7 member states and private capital, is expected to reach $600 billion.,"With two competing plans - size matters, at the end of the day," says Sisci. "That is, China may be able to immediately finalize a lot of money in a short time in a number of projects. The G7 countries could be slower, but eventually they could build up momentum and they could channel much more money much more effectively, perhaps, in a much larger number of projects which could stifle Chinese projects.",Sisci suggests that the club of developed capitalist countries "may end up being more effective in many ways [than China], a smaller non-capitalist country.","China, but also Russia, by far, don't have the size, the gravitas to oppose even a divided G7, which is coming together because of this opposition to China or Russia-driven projects," he notes.,UK's Looming Recession is Self-Inflicted, BoJo and BoE are to Blame, Economists Say19 June, 12:09 GMT,G7 Economic & Geopolitical Hurdles,However, some other observers express skepticism over the ability of the US and G7 to implement the project given record-high inflation and cost of living crisis currently engulfing the states. The US, British and European central banks are struggling to tame skyrocketing inflation by raising interest rates to reduce demand, which is prompting recession fears.,"Washington claims they are going to be sending over $200 billion. But where's the money coming from and how is it going to be really used?" asks Thomas W. Pauken II, the author of "US vs China: From Trade War to Reciprocal Deal," a consultant on Asia-Pacific affairs and a geopolitical commentator.,He notes that previously the US Senate voted Biden's landmark Build Back Better initiative down, and for good reason, as Republican congressmen feared that the Democratic administration's spending spree would fan inflation and increase an already bloated national debt.,Pauken also expresses bewilderment over the G7's apparent readiness to embark on the bold international project at a time when the group is involved in the Ukraine crisis with the UK trying to keep the military conflict dragging on. "I mean, it's laughable that they have to think about [competing with] China at this time when they're on the brink of a major war in Europe," the commentator remarks.,Challenge or Opportunity? How China's Digital Silk Road May Change Global Technology Order16 April 2021, 04:00 GMT,Meanwhile, the G7's Global Investment and Infrastructure Partnership cannot be regarded so far as a viable alternative to the Beijing-led Belt and Road Initiative that has been implemented for slightly less than a decade, according to Pauken.,"First of all, [the G7] actually need[s] to make these projects work," says the geopolitical commentator. "Other than that solar plant in Angola, I don't see any of these initiatives really working.",In particular, China invested almost $59.5 billion in its comprehensive infrastructure project in 2021 alone. When it comes to crucial elements of the project, the West appears to be lagging behind. While the G7 is still considering building a subsea cable linking Europe and Southeast Asia, China kicked off its Digital Silk Road (DSR) almost seven years ago. The DSR's backbone is the Pakistan and East Africa Connecting Europe (PEACE), a 9,300 mile long subsea cable network meant to tie Asia, Africa, and Europe together. The network is designed to transmit over 16Tbps per fibre pair with its Mediterranean section going from Egypt to France having already been laid.,WFP Announces Cuts in Food Rations for Refugees in East, West Africa Due to Lack of Funds20 June, 17:13 GMT,Are Emerging Economies Interested in the G7 Agenda?,There is yet another problem as to how to make these Western projects attractive for Global South nations, the Asia Pacific expert continues. In particular, the G7 has been pushing ahead with a climate change agenda and the plan to cut carbon emissions, which is not relevant for the majority of third-world states which are still reliant on cheaper and more reliable fossil fuels and coal plants, he notes.,"You also have to deal with auditing issues as well as the so-called climate change consultants who go on the ground and on site," he says. "You have to prove that those infrastructure projects are not causing much of a carbon footprint. But most of the major infrastructure does require a big carbon footprint, especially in the emerging markets, because they don't have the same equipment or they don't have the same standards or labor laws as they would have in Western Europe or the US.",Many emerging economies, including African countries, are beginning to have a growing frustration with the US and Europe, according to Pauken. The reality is that Africans and many of the emerging markets want to focus on economic stuff, he notes. However, when the US officials come in, they're talking about climate change or gender equity, and this is not as interesting to developing nations, the commentator emphasizes.,"[Developing nations] want help on improving their agricultural production levels and boosting their energy capacity, which the Russians and the Chinese have been doing," Pauken notes.,Given all of the above, it is unlikely that the G7's Global Investment and Infrastructure Partnership initiative is going to actually happen, argues the geopolitical commentator.,"They're rebranding a failed policy, thinking it might work by using new names and new mergers. Last time it was separate between the EU and separate between the US and they somehow think that if you combine the two failed projects into one, that this will somehow succeed. That's not going to work in the real world," Pauken concludes.。 8 月 25 日消息，亚马逊正在开发新一代高度自动化仓库，利用人工智能和机器人技术处理包裹，将物流自动化延伸到配送前的最后一个环节。根据 Business Insider 查阅的一份上月内部规划文件，这项内部代号为“Project Tetromino”的计划旨在打造“完全自动化”的配送站。
二 | 配送站是物流流程中的最后一个设施，从履约中心接收已经打包的商品，然后进行分拣和暂存，最后交由司机配送给客户。文件显示，亚马逊计划在 2028 年投入 1.03 亿美元（注：现汇率约合 6.94 亿元人民币）启动 Tetromino 试点项目，随后在 2029 年建设 5 个站点，并于 2030 年再增加 10 个站点。文件称，2029 年每个站点的建设成本可能约为 8,500 万美元（现汇率约合 5.73 亿元人民币），到 2029 年，Tetromino 项目的累计投资将超过 5.3 亿美元（现汇率约合 35.72 亿元人民币）。文件还指出，Tetromino 的包裹处理速度可能达到现有配送站设计的约 2.5 倍。亚马逊发言人向 Business Insider 表示，这目前只是一个“早期阶段的概念”，文件中提到的具体财务数据和项目路线图“并不准确，也不代表我们当前的计划”。
三 | 这名发言人表示：“我们一直在整个运营体系中探索和测试新技术，以提高安全性并改善客户的配送体验。和任何处于早期阶段的概念一样，这是我们定期评估的众多项目之一，随着我们不断获得新的经验和信息，相关计划也会发生很大变化。
四 | ”Tetromino 项目展示了亚马逊试图自动化其物流网络中一些最难实现自动化的环节。
五 | 行业分析师指出，在配送站内整理包裹并将其装载到配送车辆等工作，目前仍然很难实现自动化，而且成本高昂。该项目正值亚马逊加速推进仓库自动化之际。亚马逊在 7 月最新一次财报电话会议上表示，公司预计 2026 年将把机器人机械臂的数量增加一倍以上。Business Insider 此前还报道称，亚马逊正在部署一种软件，能够根据工作量变化自动推荐仓库员工应该被安排到哪些岗位。亚马逊面临的“俄罗斯方块”挑战根据这份规划文件，Tetromino 的一项关键技术可能来自 AI 和机器人供应链初创公司 Boxbot。Boxbot 的系统可以将传送带上的包裹转移到托盘中进行存储，然后利用 AI 将包裹取出并按照配送顺序进行排列。Boxbot 官网称，其系统可以将车辆装载过程提速至原来的 10 倍。Tetromino 这个名称本身可能也是在致敬俄罗斯方块游戏，意指如何高效地将大量包裹排列、装入配送车辆，本身就是一个类似拼图的难题。亚马逊并不是唯一一家试图实现这些环节自动化的企业。联邦快递正在扩大 AI 驱动的 Dexterity 机器人应用，这些机器人能够自主将包裹装入拖车；UPS 和 DHL 则已经使用机器人进行卸货。亚马逊发言人还提到了公司去年宣布的一批配送站试点项目。这些项目属于亚马逊对欧洲物流设施 7 亿欧元（现汇率约合 54.99 亿元人民币）投资计划的一部分，其中包括能够自动卸载、分拣和扫描包裹的机器。随着物流设施越来越自动化，一个问题也随之出现：未来亚马逊的仓库究竟还需要人类完成哪些工作？亚马逊机器人业务负责人 Tye Brady 此前曾表示，机器人旨在让一线工作更加安全、高效，而不是取代员工。
六 | 不过，Business Insider 此前报道称，亚马逊内部预测，未来十年部分仓库机器人将使公司的招聘增长曲线趋于“平缓”。
七 | 亚马逊发言人表示，公司在配送站推进的相关项目“旨在与员工相互配合并赋能员工，而员工始终是我们运营模式的核心”。
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